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Welcome to the Fossil Layer with Dr. Von Zuko.  

Join us as we peer through the misty veil of time and examine millions of years of life and evolution on the planet earth.  
 

 

The Fossil Layer: Ancient Sharks and Other Marine Animals

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Carcharodon Megalodon: The Largest Shark That Ever Lived
Large Carcharodon Megalodon Tooth
Carcharodon Megalodon reigned supreme as the largest and deadliest predator in the ancient Miocene ocean. 

The powerful, monstrous jaws of the Megalodon were filled with multiple rows of thick rooted and incredibly strong, razor sharp teeth, that allowed it to feed on the largest whales and even other prehistoric sharks.

An early ancestor of the "Great White Shark" the Carcharodon Megalodon was a true monster compared to any modern shark. The Megalodon  grew to terrifyingly huge proportions.  An full sized adult could easily be 60 feet in length (sometimes more) with a span of 30 feet across its pectoral fins and a dorsal fin nearly six feet tall. 

To visualize the incredible size of this monster, imagine a semi-truck with a mouth full of rows of razor sharp 6 to seven inch teeth.  The Carcharodon Megalodon was the true terror of the ancient seas.

Carcharodon Megalodon Shark Tooth

This exceptional four inch fossil tooth was likely from a 35 to 40 foot Megalodon.  Still considerably larger then today's giant 20 foot Great White Sharks.
 

This outstanding tooth was recovered by divers working 20 foot deep Miocene deposits in a coastal river in South Carolina.  The Miocene Period occurred 22 to 7 million years ago.

 


Ten Million Year Old Perfection
 
Connoisseur-Grade Carcharodon Megalodon tooth
This rare "Connoisseur-Grade" Carcharodon Megalodon tooth measures 2 1/8" and is from a relatively small 20 or 25 foot juvenile Megalodon shark. 

The tooth is in near perfect condition and has very sharp serrations, a complete root, full enamel and bourlette (the chevron above the enamel).  

Fossil teeth in this astonishing condition are quite rare and this one is a real treasure, especially considering it is around 10 million years old.  This tooth lay undisturbed for several million years in the sediments of the Manatee River, in South Florida. 

The Manatee is a very tannic river with poor  visibility, the brave diver who found this tooth did it mostly by feel, groping the bottom while trying to stay clear of the numerous alligators living in the river.


Carcharocles Angustidens

Carcharocles  Angustidens fossil tooth
Small but perfect 30 million year old Carcharocles  Angustidens fossil tooth.  

Very colorful, in excellent condition and still quite sharp after millions of years.

 


Carcharias 

Sand Tiger Shark

Carcharias, better known as  the Sand Tiger Shark, first appeared on the planet during the Miocene period. 

The ancient shark, much like today's various species of Sand Tiger, was primarily a bottom feeding shark that feed on a wide assortment of fish, squid and shrimp.  This shark is a fairly large predator and can grow to about 12 feet. The Sand Tiger's teeth are long, slender, and sharp, but varies slightly between species (it is highly likely that these 3 teeth are not all from the same subspecies). 

These near perfect, fossilized Sand Tiger shark teeth were found in Miocene deposits and exhibit a range of nice colors.
 


Lamna

Extinct Lamna and early Mackerel SharkAnother small but colorful and flawless fossil shark tooth from a 5 or 6 foot, extinct Lamna.  The Lamna was the early ancestor of the Mackerel shark.  

 

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Carcharocles Angustidens 

Carcharocles Angustidens sharkThe Carcharocles Angustidens shark is a direct ancestor of the great Carcharodon Megalodon shark. 

It lived in the oceans of the Middle Oligocene period, 30 million years ago.

This very well preserved fossil tooth is 30 million years old and is in excellent condition.  It is 1 and 11/16 inches long, has full serrated edges and a sharp point.  The enamel is smooth and clean, both front and reverse.  Both cusplets (the two projections at either side of the main tooth) are intact, showing only slight wear, and the brown root is well shaped and intact. Angustidens did not get as large as the Megalodon, but finding it's teeth (30 million years later) in this condition, makes the tooth considerably more rare than those of the Megalodon shark.

This attractive fossil tooth was recovered from the Oligocene deposits of the (inland) Chandler Bridge Formation, Summerville, South Carolina. 


Isurus Hastalis

Mako Shark Fossil Isurus Hastalis

The Isurus Hastalis is an extinct Mako species, that was abundant in the seas during the Miocene and Pliocene periods. (22-3 million years ago)  This shark possessed a broad bladed upper tooth very similar to the Great White Shark but without the coarse serrations on the edges. 

Today a Mako shark can easily grow to a length of 12.5 feet and weigh 1250 pounds. judging from the size of their fossil teeth, the extinct Isurus Hastalis were very likely even larger.  Only the very largest Mako sharks ever get  teeth this large!  

This large well preserved 2-3/8" Isurus Hastalis shark tooth is broad with a very sharp edge, and a killer point.  This pearly and  lustrous tooth has no significant nicks, with nearly imperceptible traces of enamel peel.  The blue root is complete and well shaped.  This fine inland fossil specimen was most likely found somewhere around the lower Potomac River.

 

 

Dare to explore: Shark teeth from the ancient Miocene, Pliocene, and Middle Oligocene Oceans.

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